Toward understanding of differences in current cloud retrievals of ARM ground‐based measurements
Identifieur interne : 005571 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005570; suivant : 005572Toward understanding of differences in current cloud retrievals of ARM ground‐based measurements
Auteurs : Chuanfeng Zhao [États-Unis] ; Shaocheng Xie [États-Unis] ; Stephen A. Klein [États-Unis] ; Alain Protat [France, Australie] ; Matthew D. Shupe [États-Unis] ; Sally A. Mcfarlane [États-Unis] ; Jennifer M. Comstock [États-Unis] ; Julien Delanoë [France] ; Min Deng [États-Unis] ; Maureen Dunn [États-Unis] ; Robin J. Hogan [Royaume-Uni] ; Dong Huang [États-Unis] ; Michael P. Jensen [États-Unis] ; Gerald G. Mace [États-Unis] ; Renata Mccoy [États-Unis] ; Ewan J. O'Connor [Royaume-Uni, Finlande] ; David D. Turner [États-Unis] ; Zhien Wang [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres [ 0148-0227 ] ; 2012-05-27.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : Changement climatique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Ackerman, Adiabatic gradient, Aircraft data, Algorithm, Appl, Arctic cloud experiment, Arctic clouds, Atmos, Basic inputs, Best estimate, Boundary layer, Boundary layer clouds, Boundary layer overcast clouds, Boundary stratus, Bulk density, Cirrus, Cirrus clouds, Clear differences, Climate change, Climate models, Cloud, Cloud bases, Cloud microphysical properties, Cloud products, Cloud properties, Cloud retrieval algorithms, Cloud retrieval differences, Cloud retrieval products, Cloud retrievals, Cloud samples, Cloud temperature, Cloudnet, Combret, Comstock, Constraint, Constraint parameters, Crystal habit, Crystal habit assumptions, Crystal habits, Current cloud retrievals, Delano, Deng, Different assumptions, Different cloud regimes, Different cloud retrieval products, Different retrieval products, Different retrievals, Dong, Doppler, Droplet, Empirical parameterization method, Geophys, Heymsfield, High level, Illingworth, Large differences, Lawrence livermore, Lidar, Liquid clouds, Liquid part, Lognormal, Mace, Mcfarquhar, Meteorol, Microbase, Microphysical, Microphysical properties, Microwave radiometer, Notation section, November, Oceanic technol, Optical depth, Optimal estimation method, Parameterization, Parameterization method, Particle size distribution, Power relationship, Protat, Radiative, Radiometer, Radon, Reflectivity, Remote sensors, Retrieval, Retrieval algorithms, Retrieval basis, Retrieval methods, Retrieval products, Retrieval techniques, Sassen, Science team meeting, Sext, Shupe, Shupe_, Shupe_ turner, Shupe_turner, Specific cloud product, Statistical analysis, Stratus, Thick clouds, Total cloud samples, Twpc3, Understanding cloud retrieval difference, Varcloud, Various retrieval algorithms, Vertical distributions, Vertical structure, Wang, Water content, Water equivalent radar reflectivity, Zhao.
- Teeft :
- Ackerman, Adiabatic gradient, Aircraft data, Algorithm, Appl, Arctic cloud experiment, Arctic clouds, Atmos, Basic inputs, Best estimate, Boundary layer, Boundary layer clouds, Boundary layer overcast clouds, Boundary stratus, Bulk density, Cirrus, Cirrus clouds, Clear differences, Climate change, Climate models, Cloud, Cloud bases, Cloud microphysical properties, Cloud products, Cloud properties, Cloud retrieval algorithms, Cloud retrieval differences, Cloud retrieval products, Cloud retrievals, Cloud samples, Cloud temperature, Cloudnet, Combret, Comstock, Constraint, Constraint parameters, Crystal habit, Crystal habit assumptions, Crystal habits, Current cloud retrievals, Delano, Deng, Different assumptions, Different cloud regimes, Different cloud retrieval products, Different retrieval products, Different retrievals, Dong, Doppler, Droplet, Empirical parameterization method, Geophys, Heymsfield, High level, Illingworth, Large differences, Lawrence livermore, Lidar, Liquid clouds, Liquid part, Lognormal, Mace, Mcfarquhar, Meteorol, Microbase, Microphysical, Microphysical properties, Microwave radiometer, Notation section, November, Oceanic technol, Optical depth, Optimal estimation method, Parameterization, Parameterization method, Particle size distribution, Power relationship, Protat, Radiative, Radiometer, Radon, Reflectivity, Remote sensors, Retrieval, Retrieval algorithms, Retrieval basis, Retrieval methods, Retrieval products, Retrieval techniques, Sassen, Science team meeting, Sext, Shupe, Shupe_, Shupe_ turner, Shupe_turner, Specific cloud product, Statistical analysis, Stratus, Thick clouds, Total cloud samples, Twpc3, Understanding cloud retrieval difference, Varcloud, Various retrieval algorithms, Vertical distributions, Vertical structure, Wang, Water content, Water equivalent radar reflectivity, Zhao.
Abstract
Accurate observations of cloud microphysical properties are needed for evaluating and improving the representation of cloud processes in climate models and better estimate of the Earth radiative budget. However, large differences are found in current cloud products retrieved from ground‐based remote sensing measurements using various retrieval algorithms. Understanding the differences is an important step to address uncertainties in the cloud retrievals. In this study, an in‐depth analysis of nine existing ground‐based cloud retrievals using ARM remote sensing measurements is carried out. We place emphasis on boundary layer overcast clouds and high level ice clouds, which are the focus of many current retrieval development efforts due to their radiative importance and relatively simple structure. Large systematic discrepancies in cloud microphysical properties are found in these two types of clouds among the nine cloud retrieval products, particularly for the cloud liquid and ice particle effective radius. Note that the differences among some retrieval products are even larger than the prescribed uncertainties reported by the retrieval algorithm developers. It is shown that most of these large differences have their roots in the retrieval theoretical bases, assumptions, as well as input and constraint parameters. This study suggests the need to further validate current retrieval theories and assumptions and even the development of new retrieval algorithms with more observations under different cloud regimes.
Url:
DOI: 10.1029/2011JD016792
Affiliations:
- Australie, Finlande, France, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Californie, Colorado, Oklahoma, Utah, Washington (État), Wyoming, État de New York
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Istex, to step Corpus: 001585
- to stream Istex, to step Curation: 001585
- to stream Istex, to step Checkpoint: 000496
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 005838
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 005571
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Toward understanding of differences in current cloud retrievals of ARM ground‐based measurements</title><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Chuanfeng" sort="Zhao, Chuanfeng" uniqKey="Zhao C" first="Chuanfeng" last="Zhao">Chuanfeng Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, Shaocheng" sort="Xie, Shaocheng" uniqKey="Xie S" first="Shaocheng" last="Xie">Shaocheng Xie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, Stephen A" sort="Klein, Stephen A" uniqKey="Klein S" first="Stephen A." last="Klein">Stephen A. Klein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Protat, Alain" sort="Protat, Alain" uniqKey="Protat A" first="Alain" last="Protat">Alain Protat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shupe, Matthew D" sort="Shupe, Matthew D" uniqKey="Shupe M" first="Matthew D." last="Shupe">Matthew D. Shupe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcfarlane, Sally A" sort="Mcfarlane, Sally A" uniqKey="Mcfarlane S" first="Sally A." last="Mcfarlane">Sally A. Mcfarlane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Comstock, Jennifer M" sort="Comstock, Jennifer M" uniqKey="Comstock J" first="Jennifer M." last="Comstock">Jennifer M. Comstock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delanoe, Julien" sort="Delanoe, Julien" uniqKey="Delanoe J" first="Julien" last="Delanoë">Julien Delanoë</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, Min" sort="Deng, Min" uniqKey="Deng M" first="Min" last="Deng">Min Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dunn, Maureen" sort="Dunn, Maureen" uniqKey="Dunn M" first="Maureen" last="Dunn">Maureen Dunn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hogan, Robin J" sort="Hogan, Robin J" uniqKey="Hogan R" first="Robin J." last="Hogan">Robin J. Hogan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Dong" sort="Huang, Dong" uniqKey="Huang D" first="Dong" last="Huang">Dong Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jensen, Michael P" sort="Jensen, Michael P" uniqKey="Jensen M" first="Michael P." last="Jensen">Michael P. Jensen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mace, Gerald G" sort="Mace, Gerald G" uniqKey="Mace G" first="Gerald G." last="Mace">Gerald G. Mace</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccoy, Renata" sort="Mccoy, Renata" uniqKey="Mccoy R" first="Renata" last="Mccoy">Renata Mccoy</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Connor, Ewan J" sort="O Connor, Ewan J" uniqKey="O Connor E" first="Ewan J." last="O'Connor">Ewan J. O'Connor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, David D" sort="Turner, David D" uniqKey="Turner D" first="David D." last="Turner">David D. Turner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Zhien" sort="Wang, Zhien" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zhien" last="Wang">Zhien Wang</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:73F4A0165A4ED262F3B63F601EAD8E0B98542726</idno><date when="2012" year="2012">2012</date><idno type="doi">10.1029/2011JD016792</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/73F4A0165A4ED262F3B63F601EAD8E0B98542726/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001585</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001585</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">001585</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Checkpoint">000496</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000496</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0148-0227:2012:Zhao C:toward:understanding:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">005838</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">005571</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">005571</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Toward understanding of differences in current cloud retrievals of ARM ground‐based measurements</title><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Chuanfeng" sort="Zhao, Chuanfeng" uniqKey="Zhao C" first="Chuanfeng" last="Zhao">Chuanfeng Zhao</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation></affiliation><affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, Shaocheng" sort="Xie, Shaocheng" uniqKey="Xie S" first="Shaocheng" last="Xie">Shaocheng Xie</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, Stephen A" sort="Klein, Stephen A" uniqKey="Klein S" first="Stephen A." last="Klein">Stephen A. Klein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Protat, Alain" sort="Protat, Alain" uniqKey="Protat A" first="Alain" last="Protat">Alain Protat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Atmosphère, Milieux, Observations Spatiales, Guyancourt</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Guyancourt</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Guyancourt</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shupe, Matthew D" sort="Shupe, Matthew D" uniqKey="Shupe M" first="Matthew D." last="Shupe">Matthew D. Shupe</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcfarlane, Sally A" sort="Mcfarlane, Sally A" uniqKey="Mcfarlane S" first="Sally A." last="Mcfarlane">Sally A. Mcfarlane</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Comstock, Jennifer M" sort="Comstock, Jennifer M" uniqKey="Comstock J" first="Jennifer M." last="Comstock">Jennifer M. Comstock</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delanoe, Julien" sort="Delanoe, Julien" uniqKey="Delanoe J" first="Julien" last="Delanoë">Julien Delanoë</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Atmosphère, Milieux, Observations Spatiales, Guyancourt</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Guyancourt</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Guyancourt</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, Min" sort="Deng, Min" uniqKey="Deng M" first="Min" last="Deng">Min Deng</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Wyoming</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunn, Maureen" sort="Dunn, Maureen" uniqKey="Dunn M" first="Maureen" last="Dunn">Maureen Dunn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hogan, Robin J" sort="Hogan, Robin J" uniqKey="Hogan R" first="Robin J." last="Hogan">Robin J. Hogan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Reading</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Dong" sort="Huang, Dong" uniqKey="Huang D" first="Dong" last="Huang">Dong Huang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jensen, Michael P" sort="Jensen, Michael P" uniqKey="Jensen M" first="Michael P." last="Jensen">Michael P. Jensen</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mace, Gerald G" sort="Mace, Gerald G" uniqKey="Mace G" first="Gerald G." last="Mace">Gerald G. Mace</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Utah</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccoy, Renata" sort="Mccoy, Renata" uniqKey="Mccoy R" first="Renata" last="Mccoy">Renata Mccoy</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Connor, Ewan J" sort="O Connor, Ewan J" uniqKey="O Connor E" first="Ewan J." last="O'Connor">Ewan J. O'Connor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Reading</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, David D" sort="Turner, David D" uniqKey="Turner D" first="David D." last="Turner">David D. Turner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>National Severe Storms Laboratory, NOAA, Norman, Oklahoma</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oklahoma</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Zhien" sort="Wang, Zhien" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zhien" last="Wang">Zhien Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Wyoming</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH: ATMOSPHERES</title><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno><idno type="eISSN">2156-2202</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">117</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">D10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">21</biblScope><date type="published" when="2012-05-27">2012-05-27</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Ackerman</term><term>Adiabatic gradient</term><term>Aircraft data</term><term>Algorithm</term><term>Appl</term><term>Arctic cloud experiment</term><term>Arctic clouds</term><term>Atmos</term><term>Basic inputs</term><term>Best estimate</term><term>Boundary layer</term><term>Boundary layer clouds</term><term>Boundary layer overcast clouds</term><term>Boundary stratus</term><term>Bulk density</term><term>Cirrus</term><term>Cirrus clouds</term><term>Clear differences</term><term>Climate change</term><term>Climate models</term><term>Cloud</term><term>Cloud bases</term><term>Cloud microphysical properties</term><term>Cloud products</term><term>Cloud properties</term><term>Cloud retrieval algorithms</term><term>Cloud retrieval differences</term><term>Cloud retrieval products</term><term>Cloud retrievals</term><term>Cloud samples</term><term>Cloud temperature</term><term>Cloudnet</term><term>Combret</term><term>Comstock</term><term>Constraint</term><term>Constraint parameters</term><term>Crystal habit</term><term>Crystal habit assumptions</term><term>Crystal habits</term><term>Current cloud retrievals</term><term>Delano</term><term>Deng</term><term>Different assumptions</term><term>Different cloud regimes</term><term>Different cloud retrieval products</term><term>Different retrieval products</term><term>Different retrievals</term><term>Dong</term><term>Doppler</term><term>Droplet</term><term>Empirical parameterization method</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Heymsfield</term><term>High level</term><term>Illingworth</term><term>Large differences</term><term>Lawrence livermore</term><term>Lidar</term><term>Liquid clouds</term><term>Liquid part</term><term>Lognormal</term><term>Mace</term><term>Mcfarquhar</term><term>Meteorol</term><term>Microbase</term><term>Microphysical</term><term>Microphysical properties</term><term>Microwave radiometer</term><term>Notation section</term><term>November</term><term>Oceanic technol</term><term>Optical depth</term><term>Optimal estimation method</term><term>Parameterization</term><term>Parameterization method</term><term>Particle size distribution</term><term>Power relationship</term><term>Protat</term><term>Radiative</term><term>Radiometer</term><term>Radon</term><term>Reflectivity</term><term>Remote sensors</term><term>Retrieval</term><term>Retrieval algorithms</term><term>Retrieval basis</term><term>Retrieval methods</term><term>Retrieval products</term><term>Retrieval techniques</term><term>Sassen</term><term>Science team meeting</term><term>Sext</term><term>Shupe</term><term>Shupe_</term><term>Shupe_ turner</term><term>Shupe_turner</term><term>Specific cloud product</term><term>Statistical analysis</term><term>Stratus</term><term>Thick clouds</term><term>Total cloud samples</term><term>Twpc3</term><term>Understanding cloud retrieval difference</term><term>Varcloud</term><term>Various retrieval algorithms</term><term>Vertical distributions</term><term>Vertical structure</term><term>Wang</term><term>Water content</term><term>Water equivalent radar reflectivity</term><term>Zhao</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Ackerman</term><term>Adiabatic gradient</term><term>Aircraft data</term><term>Algorithm</term><term>Appl</term><term>Arctic cloud experiment</term><term>Arctic clouds</term><term>Atmos</term><term>Basic inputs</term><term>Best estimate</term><term>Boundary layer</term><term>Boundary layer clouds</term><term>Boundary layer overcast clouds</term><term>Boundary stratus</term><term>Bulk density</term><term>Cirrus</term><term>Cirrus clouds</term><term>Clear differences</term><term>Climate change</term><term>Climate models</term><term>Cloud</term><term>Cloud bases</term><term>Cloud microphysical properties</term><term>Cloud products</term><term>Cloud properties</term><term>Cloud retrieval algorithms</term><term>Cloud retrieval differences</term><term>Cloud retrieval products</term><term>Cloud retrievals</term><term>Cloud samples</term><term>Cloud temperature</term><term>Cloudnet</term><term>Combret</term><term>Comstock</term><term>Constraint</term><term>Constraint parameters</term><term>Crystal habit</term><term>Crystal habit assumptions</term><term>Crystal habits</term><term>Current cloud retrievals</term><term>Delano</term><term>Deng</term><term>Different assumptions</term><term>Different cloud regimes</term><term>Different cloud retrieval products</term><term>Different retrieval products</term><term>Different retrievals</term><term>Dong</term><term>Doppler</term><term>Droplet</term><term>Empirical parameterization method</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Heymsfield</term><term>High level</term><term>Illingworth</term><term>Large differences</term><term>Lawrence livermore</term><term>Lidar</term><term>Liquid clouds</term><term>Liquid part</term><term>Lognormal</term><term>Mace</term><term>Mcfarquhar</term><term>Meteorol</term><term>Microbase</term><term>Microphysical</term><term>Microphysical properties</term><term>Microwave radiometer</term><term>Notation section</term><term>November</term><term>Oceanic technol</term><term>Optical depth</term><term>Optimal estimation method</term><term>Parameterization</term><term>Parameterization method</term><term>Particle size distribution</term><term>Power relationship</term><term>Protat</term><term>Radiative</term><term>Radiometer</term><term>Radon</term><term>Reflectivity</term><term>Remote sensors</term><term>Retrieval</term><term>Retrieval algorithms</term><term>Retrieval basis</term><term>Retrieval methods</term><term>Retrieval products</term><term>Retrieval techniques</term><term>Sassen</term><term>Science team meeting</term><term>Sext</term><term>Shupe</term><term>Shupe_</term><term>Shupe_ turner</term><term>Shupe_turner</term><term>Specific cloud product</term><term>Statistical analysis</term><term>Stratus</term><term>Thick clouds</term><term>Total cloud samples</term><term>Twpc3</term><term>Understanding cloud retrieval difference</term><term>Varcloud</term><term>Various retrieval algorithms</term><term>Vertical distributions</term><term>Vertical structure</term><term>Wang</term><term>Water content</term><term>Water equivalent radar reflectivity</term><term>Zhao</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Changement climatique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Accurate observations of cloud microphysical properties are needed for evaluating and improving the representation of cloud processes in climate models and better estimate of the Earth radiative budget. However, large differences are found in current cloud products retrieved from ground‐based remote sensing measurements using various retrieval algorithms. Understanding the differences is an important step to address uncertainties in the cloud retrievals. In this study, an in‐depth analysis of nine existing ground‐based cloud retrievals using ARM remote sensing measurements is carried out. We place emphasis on boundary layer overcast clouds and high level ice clouds, which are the focus of many current retrieval development efforts due to their radiative importance and relatively simple structure. Large systematic discrepancies in cloud microphysical properties are found in these two types of clouds among the nine cloud retrieval products, particularly for the cloud liquid and ice particle effective radius. Note that the differences among some retrieval products are even larger than the prescribed uncertainties reported by the retrieval algorithm developers. It is shown that most of these large differences have their roots in the retrieval theoretical bases, assumptions, as well as input and constraint parameters. This study suggests the need to further validate current retrieval theories and assumptions and even the development of new retrieval algorithms with more observations under different cloud regimes.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Finlande</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li><li>Colorado</li><li>Oklahoma</li><li>Utah</li><li>Washington (État)</li><li>Wyoming</li><li>État de New York</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Zhao, Chuanfeng" sort="Zhao, Chuanfeng" uniqKey="Zhao C" first="Chuanfeng" last="Zhao">Chuanfeng Zhao</name></region><name sortKey="Comstock, Jennifer M" sort="Comstock, Jennifer M" uniqKey="Comstock J" first="Jennifer M." last="Comstock">Jennifer M. Comstock</name><name sortKey="Deng, Min" sort="Deng, Min" uniqKey="Deng M" first="Min" last="Deng">Min Deng</name><name sortKey="Dunn, Maureen" sort="Dunn, Maureen" uniqKey="Dunn M" first="Maureen" last="Dunn">Maureen Dunn</name><name sortKey="Huang, Dong" sort="Huang, Dong" uniqKey="Huang D" first="Dong" last="Huang">Dong Huang</name><name sortKey="Jensen, Michael P" sort="Jensen, Michael P" uniqKey="Jensen M" first="Michael P." last="Jensen">Michael P. Jensen</name><name sortKey="Klein, Stephen A" sort="Klein, Stephen A" uniqKey="Klein S" first="Stephen A." last="Klein">Stephen A. Klein</name><name sortKey="Mace, Gerald G" sort="Mace, Gerald G" uniqKey="Mace G" first="Gerald G." last="Mace">Gerald G. Mace</name><name sortKey="Mccoy, Renata" sort="Mccoy, Renata" uniqKey="Mccoy R" first="Renata" last="Mccoy">Renata Mccoy</name><name sortKey="Mcfarlane, Sally A" sort="Mcfarlane, Sally A" uniqKey="Mcfarlane S" first="Sally A." last="Mcfarlane">Sally A. Mcfarlane</name><name sortKey="Shupe, Matthew D" sort="Shupe, Matthew D" uniqKey="Shupe M" first="Matthew D." last="Shupe">Matthew D. Shupe</name><name sortKey="Shupe, Matthew D" sort="Shupe, Matthew D" uniqKey="Shupe M" first="Matthew D." last="Shupe">Matthew D. Shupe</name><name sortKey="Turner, David D" sort="Turner, David D" uniqKey="Turner D" first="David D." last="Turner">David D. Turner</name><name sortKey="Wang, Zhien" sort="Wang, Zhien" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zhien" last="Wang">Zhien Wang</name><name sortKey="Xie, Shaocheng" sort="Xie, Shaocheng" uniqKey="Xie S" first="Shaocheng" last="Xie">Shaocheng Xie</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Protat, Alain" sort="Protat, Alain" uniqKey="Protat A" first="Alain" last="Protat">Alain Protat</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Delanoe, Julien" sort="Delanoe, Julien" uniqKey="Delanoe J" first="Julien" last="Delanoë">Julien Delanoë</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Protat, Alain" sort="Protat, Alain" uniqKey="Protat A" first="Alain" last="Protat">Alain Protat</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hogan, Robin J" sort="Hogan, Robin J" uniqKey="Hogan R" first="Robin J." last="Hogan">Robin J. Hogan</name></noRegion><name sortKey="O Connor, Ewan J" sort="O Connor, Ewan J" uniqKey="O Connor E" first="Ewan J." last="O'Connor">Ewan J. O'Connor</name></country><country name="Finlande"><noRegion><name sortKey="O Connor, Ewan J" sort="O Connor, Ewan J" uniqKey="O Connor E" first="Ewan J." last="O'Connor">Ewan J. O'Connor</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Asie/explor/AustralieFrV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 005571 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 005571 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Asie
|area= AustralieFrV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:73F4A0165A4ED262F3B63F601EAD8E0B98542726
|texte= Toward understanding of differences in current cloud retrievals of ARM ground‐based measurements
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |